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2017 ; 12
(9
): e0184461
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Src- and Fyn-dependent apical membrane trafficking events control endothelial
lumen formation during vascular tube morphogenesis
#MMPMID28910325
Kim DJ
; Norden PR
; Salvador J
; Barry DM
; Bowers SLK
; Cleaver O
; Davis GE
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(9
): e0184461
PMID28910325
show ga
Here we examine the question of how endothelial cells (ECs) develop their apical
membrane surface domain during lumen and tube formation. We demonstrate marked
apical membrane targeting of activated Src kinases to this apical domain during
early and late stages of this process. Immunostaining for phosphotyrosine or
phospho-Src reveals apical membrane staining in intracellular vacuoles initially.
This is then followed by vacuole to vacuole fusion events to generate an apical
luminal membrane, which is similarly decorated with activated phospho-Src
kinases. Functional blockade of Src kinases completely blocks EC lumen and tube
formation, whether this occurs during vasculogenic tube assembly or angiogenic
sprouting events. Multiple Src kinases participate in this apical membrane
formation process and siRNA suppression of Src, Fyn and Yes, but not Lyn, blocks
EC lumen formation. We also demonstrate strong apical targeting of Src-GFP and
Fyn-GFP fusion proteins and increasing their expression enhances lumen formation.
Finally, we show that Src- and Fyn-associated vacuoles track and fuse along a
subapically polarized microtubule cytoskeleton, which is highly acetylated. These
vacuoles generate the apical luminal membrane in a stereotypically polarized,
perinuclear position. Overall, our study identifies a critical role for Src
kinases in creating and decorating the EC apical membrane surface during early
and late stages of lumen and tube formation, a central event in the molecular
control of vascular morphogenesis.