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2017 ; 7
(ä): 199
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Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Calcium Communication and the Regulation of
Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer: A Novel Potential Target
#MMPMID28944215
Bustos G
; Cruz P
; Lovy A
; Cárdenas C
Front Oncol
2017[]; 7
(ä): 199
PMID28944215
show ga
Cancer is characterized by an uncontrolled cell proliferation rate even under low
nutrient availability, which is sustained by a metabolic reprograming now
recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Warburg was the first to establish the
relationship between cancer and mitochondria; however, he interpreted enhanced
aerobic glycolysis as mitochondrial dysfunction. Today it is accepted that many
cancer cell types need fully functional mitochondria to maintain their
homeostasis. Calcium (Ca(2+))-a key regulator of several cellular processes-has
proven to be essential for mitochondrial metabolism. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca(2+) transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to the
mitochondria through the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) proves to be
essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial function and cellular energy
balance. Both IP3R and MCU are overexpressed in several cancer cell types, and
the inhibition of the Ca(2+) communication between these two organelles causes
proliferation arrest, migration decrease, and cell death through mechanisms that
are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize and analyze the current
findings in this area, emphasizing the critical role of Ca(2+) and mitochondrial
metabolism in cancer and its potential as a novel therapeutic target.