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2017 ; 11
(ä): 2621-2629
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Recent developments in the clinical pharmacology of rolapitant: subanalyses in
specific populations
#MMPMID28919712
Rapoport BL
; Aapro M
; Chasen MR
; Jordan K
; Navari RM
; Schnadig I
; Schwartzberg L
Drug Des Devel Ther
2017[]; 11
(ä): 2621-2629
PMID28919712
show ga
Knowledge of the involvement of the neurokinin substance P in emesis has led to
the development of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1 RAs) for control
of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), in combination with serotonin
type 3 receptor antagonists and corticosteroids. The NK-1 RA rolapitant, recently
approved in oral formulation, has nanomolar affinity for the NK-1 receptor, as do
the other commercially available NK-1 RAs, aprepitant and netupitant. Rolapitant
is rapidly absorbed and has a long half-life in comparison to aprepitant and
netupitant. All three NK-1 RAs undergo metabolism by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4,
necessitating caution with the concomitant use of CYP3A4 inhibitors, but in
contrast to aprepitant and netupitant, rolapitant does not inhibit or induce
CYP3A4. However, rolapitant is a moderate inhibitor of CYP2D6, and concomitant
use with CYP2D6 substrates with narrow therapeutic indices should be avoided.
Aprepitant, netupitant, and rolapitant have all demonstrated efficacy in the
control of delayed CINV in patients receiving moderately and highly emetogenic
chemotherapy in randomized controlled trials, including over multiple cycles of
chemotherapy. We reviewed recent post hoc analyses of clinical trial data
demonstrating that rolapitant is efficacious in the control of CINV in patient
populations with specific tumor types, namely, breast cancers,
gastrointestinal/colorectal cancers, and lung cancers. In addition, we show that
rolapitant has efficacy in the control of CINV in specific age groups of patients
receiving chemotherapy (<65 and ?65 years of age). Overall, the safety profile of
rolapitant in these specific patient populations was consistent with that
observed in primary analyses of phase 3 trials.
|Antiemetics/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]