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2017 ; 27
(5
): 359-364
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Role of Gut-derived Uremic Toxins on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
#MMPMID28904431
Gouroju S
; Rao PVLNS
; Bitla AR
; Vinapamula KS
; Manohar SM
; Vishnubhotla S
Indian J Nephrol
2017[Sep]; 27
(5
): 359-364
PMID28904431
show ga
Several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been identified among
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUT) are
important modifiable contributors in this respect. There are very few Indian
studies on GDUT changes in CKD. One hundred and twenty patients older than 18
years diagnosed with CKD were enrolled along with forty healthy subjects. The
patients were classified into three groups of forty patients based on stage of
CKD. Indoxyl sulfate (IS), para cresyl sulfate (p-CS), indole acetic acid (IAA),
and phenol were estimated along with the assessment of oxidative stress (OS),
inflammatory state, and bone mineral disturbance. All the GDUT increased across
the three groups of CKD. All patients had higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA),
ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
(hsCRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as compared to controls. IS and IAA showed
positive association with MDA/FRAP corrected for uric acid, whereas IS and p-CS
showed positive association with IL-6. IS, IAA, and phenol showed a positive
association with calcium × phosphorus product. GDUT increase OS and inflammatory
state in CKD and may contribute to CVD risk.