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2017 ; 14
(3
): 3349-3356
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Gimeracil enhances the antitumor effect of cisplatin in oral squamous cell
carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo
#MMPMID28927087
Harada K
; Ferdous T
; Harada T
; Takenawa T
; Ueyama Y
Oncol Lett
2017[Sep]; 14
(3
): 3349-3356
PMID28927087
show ga
Gimeracil or 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (CDHP) enhances the antitumor effects
of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by inhibiting dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD),
which is involved in the degradation of 5-FU. CDHP, as part of a combination
therapy, was also reported to exert a radiosensitizing effect. Therefore, CDHP
may have underlying mechanisms of action other than DPD inhibition. The focus of
the present study was to investigate the antitumor effects of CDHP and cisplatin
(CDDP) combination treatment in vitro and in vivo against oral squamous cell
carcinoma (OSCC) tumors. The inhibitory growth effects of CDHP and/or CDDP
treatment on SAS and HSC2 cells were examined using an MTT assay. The expression
levels of DNA double strand break repair proteins, including Ku70,
DNA-dependent-protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), Rad50 and Rad51 in
CDHP and/or CDDP-treated cells were detected using western blotting. Nude mice
with SAS or HSC2 tumors were treated with CDHP (administered orally 7 times/week)
and/or CDDP (administered by intraperitoneal injection once/week) for 2 weeks.
Combined treatment of CDHP and CDDP significantly suppressed the growth of SAS
and HSC2 cells in vitro and that of tumors in vivo compared with the effects
caused by single drug only or control treatments. Western blotting demonstrated
that the expression levels of Ku70, DNA-PKcs, Rad50 and Rad51 were downregulated
in cells treated with CDHP and CDDP combination treatment. Immunohistochemistry
also identified that the expression of DNA double strand break repair proteins
was downregulated in tumors treated with CDHP and CDDP combination treatment
compared with that of tumors treated with CDDP alone or control. The results of
the current study suggest that CDHP may be responsible for enhancing the
antitumor effects of CDDP by suppressing the DNA double strand break repair
system. Therefore, the combination of CDHP and CDDP may be a potential effective
option for OSCC treatment.