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2017 ; 13
(8
): e1006592
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The macrophage cytoskeleton acts as a contact sensor upon interaction with
Entamoeba histolytica to trigger IL-1? secretion
#MMPMID28837696
St-Pierre J
; Moreau F
; Cornick S
; Quach J
; Begum S
; Aracely Fernandez L
; Gorman H
; Chadee K
PLoS Pathog
2017[Aug]; 13
(8
): e1006592
PMID28837696
show ga
Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) is the causative agent of amebiasis, one of the major
causes of dysentery-related morbidity worldwide. Recent studies have underlined
the importance of the intercellular junction between Eh and host cells as a
determinant in the pathogenesis of amebiasis. Despite the fact that direct
contact and ligation between Eh surface Gal-lectin and EhCP-A5 with macrophage
?5?1 integrin are absolute requirements for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and
IL-1? release, many other undefined molecular events and downstream signaling
occur at the interface of Eh and macrophage. In this study, we investigated the
molecular events at the intercellular junction that lead to recognition of Eh
through modulation of the macrophage cytoskeleton. Upon Eh contact with
macrophages key cytoskeletal-associated proteins were rapidly
post-translationally modified only with live Eh but not with soluble Eh proteins
or fragments. Eh ligation with macrophages rapidly activated caspase-6 dependent
cleavage of the cytoskeletal proteins talin, Pyk2 and paxillin and caused robust
release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1?. Macrophage cytoskeletal
cleavages were dependent on Eh cysteine proteinases EhCP-A1 and EhCP-A4 but not
EhCP-A5 based on pharmacological blockade of Eh enzyme inhibitors and EhCP-A5
deficient parasites. These results unravel a model where the intercellular
junction between macrophages and Eh form an area of highly interacting proteins
that implicate the macrophage cytoskeleton as a sensor for Eh contact that leads
downstream to subsequent inflammatory immune responses.