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2017 ; 7
(1
): 10467
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Focusing analytes from 50??L into 500 pL: On-chip focusing from large sample
volumes using isotachophoresis
#MMPMID28874694
van Kooten XF
; Truman-Rosentsvit M
; Kaigala GV
; Bercovici M
Sci Rep
2017[Sep]; 7
(1
): 10467
PMID28874694
show ga
The use of on-chip isotachophoresis assays for diagnostic applications is often
limited by the small volumes of standard microfluidic channels. Overcoming this
limitation is particularly important for detection of 'discrete' biological
targets (such as bacteria) at low concentrations, where the volume of processed
liquid in a standard microchannel might not contain any targets. We present a
novel microfluidic chip that enables ITP focusing of target analytes from initial
sample volumes of 50??L into a concentrated zone with a volume of 500 pL,
corresponding to a 100,000-fold increase in mean concentration, and a
300,000-fold increase in peak concentration. We present design considerations for
limiting sample dispersion in such large-volume focusing (LVF) chips and discuss
the trade-off between assay time and Joule heating, which ultimately governs the
scalability of LVF designs. Finally, we demonstrate a 100-fold improvement of ITP
focusing performance in the LVF chip as compared to conventional microchannels,
and apply this enhancement to achieve highly sensitive detection of both
molecular targets (DNA, down to 10 fM) and whole bacteria (down to 100 cfu/mL).