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2017 ; 114
(35
): 9397-9402
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Next step in the ongoing arms race between myxoma virus and wild rabbits in
Australia is a novel disease phenotype
#MMPMID28808019
Kerr PJ
; Cattadori IM
; Liu J
; Sim DG
; Dodds JW
; Brooks JW
; Kennett MJ
; Holmes EC
; Read AF
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2017[Aug]; 114
(35
): 9397-9402
PMID28808019
show ga
In host-pathogen arms races, increases in host resistance prompt
counteradaptation by pathogens, but the nature of that counteradaptation is
seldom directly observed outside of laboratory models. The best-documented field
example is the coevolution of myxoma virus (MYXV) in European rabbits. To
understand how MYXV in Australia has continued to evolve in wild rabbits under
intense selection for genetic resistance to myxomatosis, we compared the
phenotypes of the progenitor MYXV and viral isolates from the 1950s and the 1990s
in laboratory rabbits with no resistance. Strikingly, and unlike their 1950s
counterparts, most virus isolates from the 1990s induced a highly lethal immune
collapse syndrome similar to septic shock. Thus, the next step in this canonical
case of coevolution after a species jump has been further escalation by the virus
in the face of widespread host resistance.