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2017 ; 9
(9
): 1183-1197
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Clinical development of CAR T cells-challenges and opportunities in translating
innovative treatment concepts
#MMPMID28765140
Hartmann J
; Schüßler-Lenz M
; Bondanza A
; Buchholz CJ
EMBO Mol Med
2017[Sep]; 9
(9
): 1183-1197
PMID28765140
show ga
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, together with checkpoint
inhibition, has been celebrated as a breakthrough technology due to the
substantial benefit observed in clinical trials with patients suffering from
relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies. In this review, we provide a
comprehensive overview of the clinical trials performed so far worldwide and
analyze parameters such as targeted antigen and indication, CAR molecular design,
CAR T cell manufacturing, anti-tumor activities, and related toxicities. More
than 200 CAR T cell clinical trials have been initiated so far, most of which aim
to treat lymphoma or leukemia patients using CD19-specific CARs. An increasing
number of studies address solid tumors as well. Notably, not all clinical trials
conducted so far have shown promising results. Indeed, in a few patients CAR T
cell therapy resulted in severe adverse events with fatal outcome. Of note, less
than 10% of the ongoing CAR T cell clinical trials are performed in Europe.
Taking lead from our analysis, we discuss the problems and general hurdles
preventing efficient clinical development of CAR T cells as well as
opportunities, with a special focus on the European stage.