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2017 ; 8
(8
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
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English Wikipedia
Proteins Recognizing DNA: Structural Uniqueness and Versatility of DNA-Binding
Domains in Stem Cell Transcription Factors
#MMPMID28763006
Yesudhas D
; Batool M
; Anwar MA
; Panneerselvam S
; Choi S
Genes (Basel)
2017[Aug]; 8
(8
): ä PMID28763006
show ga
Proteins in the form of transcription factors (TFs) bind to specific DNA sites
that regulate cell growth, differentiation, and cell development. The
interactions between proteins and DNA are important toward maintaining and
expressing genetic information. Without knowing TFs structures and DNA-binding
properties, it is difficult to completely understand the mechanisms by which
genetic information is transferred between DNA and proteins. The increasing
availability of structural data on protein-DNA complexes and recognition
mechanisms provides deeper insights into the nature of protein-DNA interactions
and therefore, allows their manipulation. TFs utilize different mechanisms to
recognize their cognate DNA (direct and indirect readouts). In this review, we
focus on these recognition mechanisms as well as on the analysis of the
DNA-binding domains of stem cell TFs, discussing the relative role of various
amino acids toward facilitating such interactions. Unveiling such mechanisms will
improve our understanding of the molecular pathways through which TFs are
involved in repressing and activating gene expression.