Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk: Obesity, Diabetes, Smoking, and
Pollution: Part 3 of a 3-Part Series
#MMPMID28683970
Niemann B
; Rohrbach S
; Miller MR
; Newby DE
; Fuster V
; Kovacic JC
J Am Coll Cardiol
2017[Jul]; 70
(2
): 230-251
PMID28683970
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Oxidative stress occurs whenever the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
exceeds endogenous antioxidant capacity. In this paper, we review the specific
role of several cardiovascular risk factors in promoting oxidative stress:
diabetes, obesity, smoking, and excessive pollution. Specifically, the risk of
developing heart failure is higher in patients with diabetes or obesity, even
with optimal medical treatment, and the increased release of ROS from cardiac
mitochondria and other sources likely contributes to the development of cardiac
dysfunction in this setting. Here, we explore the role of different ROS sources
arising in obesity and diabetes, and the effect of excessive ROS production on
the development of cardiac lipotoxicity. In parallel, contaminants in the air
that we breathe pose a significant threat to human health. This paper provides an
overview of cigarette smoke and urban air pollution, considering how their
composition and biological effects have detrimental effects on cardiovascular
health.
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