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2016 ; 30
(9
): 773-89
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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Apolipoprotein E as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer s Disease: A Review of
Basic Research and Clinical Evidence
#MMPMID27328687
Yamazaki Y
; Painter MM
; Bu G
; Kanekiyo T
CNS Drugs
2016[Sep]; 30
(9
): 773-89
PMID27328687
show ga
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that causes
progressive cognitive decline. The majority of AD cases are sporadic and
late-onset (>65 years old) making it the leading cause of dementia in the
elderly. While both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the
development of late-onset AD (LOAD), APOE polymorphism is a major genetic risk
determinant for LOAD. In humans, the APOE gene has three major allelic variants:
?2, ?3, and ?4, of which APOE ?4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for LOAD,
whereas APOE ?2 is protective. Mounting evidence suggests that APOE ?4
contributes to AD pathogenesis through multiple pathways including facilitated
amyloid-? deposition, increased tangle formation, synaptic dysfunction,
exacerbated neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular defects. Since APOE modulates
multiple biological processes through its corresponding protein apolipoprotein E
(apoE), APOE gene and apoE properties have been a promising target for therapy
and drug development against AD. In this review, we summarize the current
evidence regarding how the APOE ?4 allele contributes to the pathogenesis of AD
and how relevant therapeutic approaches can be developed to target apoE-mediated
pathways in AD.