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10.1038/s41598-017-06322-9 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/s41598-017-06322-9 C5524793!5524793!28740120     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Sci+Rep 2017 ; 7 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28740120|t=2017. Uncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Global Corporate Ownership Network |pdf=|usr=}}{{28740120}} gab.com Text Uncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Global Corporate Ownership Network JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28740120 #FOAvip Multinational corporations use highly complex structures of parents and subsidiaries to organize their operations and ownership. Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs) facilitate these structures through low taxation and lenient regulation, but are increasingly under scrutiny, for instance for enabling tax avoidance. Therefore, the identification of OFC jurisdictions has become a politicized and contested issue. We introduce a novel data-driven approach for identifying OFCs based on the global corporate ownership network, in which over 98 million firms (nodes) are connected through 71 million ownership relations. This granular firm-level network data uniquely allows identifying both sink-OFCs and conduit-OFCs. Sink-OFCs attract and retain foreign capital while conduit-OFCs are attractive intermediate destinations in the routing of international investments and enable the transfer of capital without taxation. We identify 24 sink-OFCs. In addition, a small set of five countries ? the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore and Switzerland ? canalize the majority of corporate offshore investment as conduit-OFCs. Each conduit jurisdiction is specialized in a geographical area and there is significant specialization based on industrial sectors. Against the idea of OFCs as exotic small islands that cannot be regulated, we show that many sink and conduit-OFCs are highly developed countries. Twit Text FOAVip Uncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Global Corporate Ownership Network ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28740120 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28740120 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28740120}}</ref> Uncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Global Corporate Ownership Network #MMPMID28740120 Garcia-Bernardo J; Fichtner J; Takes FW; Heemskerk EM Sci Rep 2017[]; 7 (ä): ä PMID28740120show ga Multinational corporations use highly complex structures of parents and subsidiaries to organize their operations and ownership. Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs) facilitate these structures through low taxation and lenient regulation, but are increasingly under scrutiny, for instance for enabling tax avoidance. Therefore, the identification of OFC jurisdictions has become a politicized and contested issue. We introduce a novel data-driven approach for identifying OFCs based on the global corporate ownership network, in which over 98 million firms (nodes) are connected through 71 million ownership relations. This granular firm-level network data uniquely allows identifying both sink-OFCs and conduit-OFCs. Sink-OFCs attract and retain foreign capital while conduit-OFCs are attractive intermediate destinations in the routing of international investments and enable the transfer of capital without taxation. We identify 24 sink-OFCs. In addition, a small set of five countries ? the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore and Switzerland ? canalize the majority of corporate offshore investment as conduit-OFCs. Each conduit jurisdiction is specialized in a geographical area and there is significant specialization based on industrial sectors. Against the idea of OFCs as exotic small islands that cannot be regulated, we show that many sink and conduit-OFCs are highly developed countries. äUncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Globa(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing