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2017 ; 6
(5
): e329
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Inhibition of malic enzyme 1 disrupts cellular metabolism and leads to
vulnerability in cancer cells in glucose-restricted conditions
#MMPMID28481367
Murai S
; Ando A
; Ebara S
; Hirayama M
; Satomi Y
; Hara T
Oncogenesis
2017[May]; 6
(5
): e329
PMID28481367
show ga
Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) regulates one of the main pathways that provide nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), which is essential for cancer cell growth
through maintenance of redox balance and biosynthesis processes in the cytoplasm.
In this study, we found that ME1 inhibition disrupted metabolism in cancer cells
and inhibited cancer cell growth by inducing senescence or apoptosis. In
glucose-restricted culture conditions, cancer cells increased ME1 expression, and
tracer experiments with labelled glutamine revealed that the flux of ME1-derived
pyruvate to citrate was enhanced. In addition, cancer cells showed higher
sensitivity to ME1 depletion in glucose-restricted conditions compared to normal
culture conditions. These results suggest that in a low-glucose environment,
where glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is attenuated, cancer
cells become dependent on ME1 for the supply of NADPH and pyruvate. Our data
demonstrate that ME1 is a promising target for cancer treatment, and a strategy
using ME1 inhibitors combined with inhibition of glycolysis, PPP or redox balance
regulators may provide an effective therapeutic option.