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2010 ; 8
(2
): 278-90
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Epidermal growth factor-induced heparanase nucleolar localization augments DNA
topoisomerase I activity in brain metastatic breast cancer
#MMPMID20164500
Zhang L
; Sullivan P
; Suyama J
; Marchetti D
Mol Cancer Res
2010[Feb]; 8
(2
): 278-90
PMID20164500
show ga
Identification of molecular mechanisms responsible for brain metastatic breast
cancer (BMBC) is imperative to develop novel therapies. However, current
understanding of the molecular circuitry that governs BMBC dissemination remains
fragmentary. Heparanase (HPSE) is the only functional mammalian endoglycosidase
whose activity correlates with cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, and the reduced
postoperative survival of cancer patients, making it an active target for
anticancer therapeutics. We hypothesized that human epidermal growth factor
receptor 2 (HER2)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation promotes
HPSE function in human BMBC. To address this, we examined HPSE content, activity,
and intracellular trafficking in a HER2/EGFR-expressing BMBC model system and
show that HPSE is present, functional, and correlates with HER2 status. Further,
we showed that EGF induced nucleolar translocation of HPSE in these cells in a
dose- and time-dependent manner upon activation of HER2/EGFR. Knockdowns of
HER2/EGFR by small interference RNA abolished EGF-induced HPSE nucleolar
translocalization. It was also noted that nucleolar HPSE modulates DNA
topoisomerase I (Topo I), an enzyme that is highly present in nucleoli, essential
for DNA replication and transcription in a variety of tumors, and inhibited by
heparan sulfate. Evidence is provided that HPSE can regulate Topo I activity,
which subsequently affects BMBC cell proliferation. Finally, we showed that the
nucleolar presence of HPSE with Topo I colocalization is detected only in
HER2-overexpressing BMBC patient specimens. Altogether, these findings support
the notion that HPSE is a critical downstream target of HER2 mechanisms driving
BMBC and is potentially relevant for BMBC therapeutic interventions.