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2017 ; 8
(6
): e2857
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Inflammatory mediator ultra-low-molecular-weight hyaluronan triggers necrosis of
B-precursor leukemia cells with high surface CD44 expression
#MMPMID28569787
Kasai S
; Furuichi Y
; Ando N
; Kagami K
; Abe M
; Nakane T
; Goi K
; Inukai T
; Saitoh S
; Ohno S
; Okazaki S
; Nagano O
; Saya H
; Sugita K
Cell Death Dis
2017[Jun]; 8
(6
): e2857
PMID28569787
show ga
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene
rearrangements (MLL+ALL) has a dismal prognosis and is characterized by high
surface CD44 expression. Known that CD44 has the specific binding sites for a
natural ligand hyaluronan (HA), we investigated biological effects of HA with
different molecular sizes on MLL+ALL cell lines, and found that the addition of
ultra-low-molecular-weight (ULMW)-HA strongly suppressed their thymidine uptakes.
The MLL+ALL cell line lacking surface CD44 expression established by genome
editing showed no suppression of thymidine uptake. Surface CD44-high B-precursor
ALL cell lines other than MLL+, but not T-ALL cell lines, were also suppressed in
their thymidine uptakes. The inhibition of thymidine uptakes was because of
induction of cell death, but dead cells lacked features of apoptosis on cytospin
smears and flow cytometric analysis. The cell death was neither blocked by
pan-caspase inhibitor nor autophagy inhibitor, but was completely blocked by
necrosis inhibitor necrostatin-1. Necrotic cell death was further supported by a
marked release of a high-mobility protein group B1 and morphological changes on
transmission electron microscopy. Elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen
species production suggested a role for inducing this necrotic cell death.
ULMW-HA-triggered cell death was similarly demonstrated in surface CD44-high
primary B-precursor leukemia cells. Assuming that ULMW-HA is abundantly secreted
at the site of infection and inflammation, this study sheds light on
understanding the mechanism of a transient inflammation-associated remission of
leukemia. Further, the CD44-targeting may become an effective approach in future
for the treatment of refractory B-precursor ALL by its capability of
predominantly eradicating CD44-high leukemia-initiating cells.