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10.1038/cddis.2017.52 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/cddis.2017.52 C5520745!5520745!28542146     free     free     free       Cell+Death+Dis 2017 ; 8 (5): e2812- Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28542146|t=2017. The role of extracellular histone in organ injury |pdf=|usr=}}{{28542146}} gab.com Text The role of extracellular histone in organ injury JO: Cell Death Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28542146 #FOAvip Histones are intra-nuclear cationic proteins that are present in all eukaryotic cells and are highly conserved across species. Within the nucleus, they provide structural stability to chromatin and regulate gene expression. Histone may be released into the extracellular space in three forms: freely, as a DNA-bound nucleosome or as part of neutrophil extracellular traps, and all three can be detected in serum after significant cellular death such as sepsis, trauma, ischaemia/reperfusion injury and autoimmune disease. Once in the extracellular space, histones act as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins, activating the immune system and causing further cytotoxicity. They interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), complement and the phospholipids of cell membranes inducing endothelial and epithelial cytotoxicity, TLR2/TLR4/TLR9 activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine release via MyD88, NF?B and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathways. Drugs that block the release of histone, neutralise circulating histone or block histone signal transduction provide significant protection from mortality in animal models of acute organ injury but warrant further research to inform future clinical applications. Twit Text FOAVip The role of extracellular histone in organ injury ????Cell Death Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28542146 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28542146 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28542146}}</ref> The role of extracellular histone in organ injury #MMPMID28542146 Silk E; Zhao H; Weng H; Ma D Cell Death Dis 2017[May]; 8 (5): e2812- PMID28542146show ga Histones are intra-nuclear cationic proteins that are present in all eukaryotic cells and are highly conserved across species. Within the nucleus, they provide structural stability to chromatin and regulate gene expression. Histone may be released into the extracellular space in three forms: freely, as a DNA-bound nucleosome or as part of neutrophil extracellular traps, and all three can be detected in serum after significant cellular death such as sepsis, trauma, ischaemia/reperfusion injury and autoimmune disease. Once in the extracellular space, histones act as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins, activating the immune system and causing further cytotoxicity. They interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), complement and the phospholipids of cell membranes inducing endothelial and epithelial cytotoxicity, TLR2/TLR4/TLR9 activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine release via MyD88, NF?B and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathways. Drugs that block the release of histone, neutralise circulating histone or block histone signal transduction provide significant protection from mortality in animal models of acute organ injury but warrant further research to inform future clinical applications. äThe role of extracellular histone in organ injury (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing