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A distinct function of the retinoblastoma protein in the control of lipid
composition identified by lipidomic profiling
#MMPMID28650445
Muranaka H
; Hayashi A
; Minami K
; Kitajima S
; Kohno S
; Nishimoto Y
; Nagatani N
; Suzuki M
; Kulathunga LAN
; Sasaki N
; Okada N
; Matsuzaka T
; Shimano H
; Tada H
; Takahashi C
Oncogenesis
2017[Jun]; 6
(6
): e350
PMID28650445
show ga
Here, by combining lipidomics with transcriptome analysis, we demonstrate that Rb
depletion in mouse embryonic fibroblastss induces significant alterations in
their lipid composition. We discovered that Rb depletion induced increase in
lysophosphatidylserine, diacylglycerol (DAG), fatty acid (FA), acylcarnitine,
phosphatidylcholine (PC), arachidonoyl ethanolamine, and decrease in
phosphatidylglycerol, monoacylglycerol, without change in total lipid per protein
levels. Analysis of the acyl chain composition of DAG, PC and phosphatidylserine
revealed increase of saturated and mono-unsaturated acyl chains with specific
carbon chain length. Consistently, we observed that Rb depletion increased the
levels of fatty acids with the corresponding carbon chain length and number of
carbon-carbon double bondssuch as myristic acid (14:0), palmitic acid (16:0),
stearic acid (18:0) and all forms of FA 18:1. Microarray analysis revealed that
Rb depletion induced significant upregulation of enzymes involved in elongation
and desaturation of fatty acids. Among these, we found that elongation of long
chain fatty acid family member 6 (Elovl6) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1)
are the most robustly controlled by Rb possibly through E2F and sterol regulatory
element-binding protein transcription factors. Depletion of Elovl6 or Scd1
significantly suppressed colony formation, sphere formation and xenograft tumor
growth of Rb-deficient tumor cells. Suppression of self-renewal by the SCD1
inhibitor was rescued upon supplementation of the mono-unsaturated fatty acids
generated by this enzyme. This study suggests a novel role for Rb in suppressing
the malignant progression of tumors by controlling the lipid composition.