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Tumor ablation using low-intensity ultrasound and sound excitable drug #MMPMID28499816
Tung CH; Han MS; Kim Y; Qi J; O?Neill BE
J Control Release 2017[Jul]; 258 (ä): 67-72 PMID28499816show ga
The cell membrane is a semi-fluid container that defines the boundary of cells, and provides an enclosed environment for vital biological processes. A sound excitable drug (SED) that is non-cytotoxic to cells is developed to disrupt the plasma membrane under gentle ultrasound insonation, 1 MHz, 1 W/cm2. The frequency and power density of insonation are within the physical therapy and medical imaging windows; thus the applied ultrasound is safe and not harmful to tissues. The insertion of SEDs into the plasma membrane is not toxic to cells; however, the intruding SEDs weaken the membrane?s integrity. Under insonation, the ultrasound energy destabilized the SED disrupted membranes, resulting in membrane rupture and eventual cell death. In a xenograft breast tumor model, the SED alone or the ultrasound alone caused little adverse effects to tumor tissue, while the combined treatment triggered necrosis with a brief local insonation of 3 minutes. The described sono-membrane rupture therapy could be a safe alternative to the currently used high-energy tissue ablation technology, which uses X-rays, gamma rays, electron beams, protons, or high- intensity focused ultrasound.