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2017 ; 5
(1
): 78
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More than just a gut feeling: constraint-based genome-scale metabolic models for
predicting functions of human intestinal microbes
#MMPMID28705224
van der Ark KCH
; van Heck RGA
; Martins Dos Santos VAP
; Belzer C
; de Vos WM
Microbiome
2017[Jul]; 5
(1
): 78
PMID28705224
show ga
The human gut is colonized with a myriad of microbes, with substantial
interpersonal variation. This complex ecosystem is an integral part of the
gastrointestinal tract and plays a major role in the maintenance of homeostasis.
Its dysfunction has been correlated to a wide array of diseases, but the
understanding of causal mechanisms is hampered by the limited amount of cultured
microbes, poor understanding of phenotypes, and the limited knowledge about
interspecies interactions. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) have been used in
many different fields, ranging from metabolic engineering to the prediction of
interspecies interactions. We provide showcase examples for the application of
GEMs for gut microbes and focus on (i) the prediction of minimal, synthetic, or
defined media; (ii) the prediction of possible functions and phenotypes; and
(iii) the prediction of interspecies interactions. All three applications are key
in understanding the role of individual species in the gut ecosystem as well as
the role of the microbiota as a whole. Using GEMs in the described fashions has
led to designs of minimal growth media, an increased understanding of microbial
phenotypes and their influence on the host immune system, and dietary
interventions to improve human health. Ultimately, an increased understanding of
the gut ecosystem will enable targeted interventions in gut microbial composition
to restore homeostasis and appropriate host-microbe crosstalk.
free
free
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