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2017 ; 5
(4
): 373-389
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Clinical and molecular characterization of cystinuria in a French cohort:
relevance of assessing large-scale rearrangements and splicing variants
#MMPMID28717662
Gaildrat P
; Lebbah S
; Tebani A
; Sudrié-Arnaud B
; Tostivint I
; Bollee G
; Tubeuf H
; Charles T
; Bertholet-Thomas A
; Goldenberg A
; Barbey F
; Martins A
; Saugier-Veber P
; Frébourg T
; Knebelmann B
; Bekri S
Mol Genet Genomic Med
2017[Jul]; 5
(4
): 373-389
PMID28717662
show ga
BACKGROUND: Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder of dibasic amino acid
transport in the kidney and the intestine leading to increased urinary cystine
excretion and nephrolithiasis. Two genes, SLC3A1 and SLC7A9, coding respectively
for rBAT and b0,+AT, account for the genetic basis of cystinuria. METHODS: This
study reports the clinical and molecular characterization of a French cohort
including 112 cystinuria patients and 25 relatives from 99 families. Molecular
screening was performed using sequencing and Quantitative Multiplex PCR of Short
Fluorescent Fragments analyses. Functional minigene-based assays have been used
to characterize splicing variants. RESULTS: Eighty-eight pathogenic nucleotide
changes were identified in SLC3A1 (63) and SLC7A9 (25) genes, of which 42 were
novel. Interestingly, 17% (15/88) and 11% (10/88) of the total number of variants
correspond, respectively, to large-scale rearrangements and splicing mutations.
Functional minigene-based assays were performed for six variants located outside
the most conserved sequences of the splice sites; three variants affect splice
sites, while three others modify exonic splicing regulatory elements (ESR), in
good agreement with a new in silico prediction based on ?tESRseq values.
CONCLUSION: This report expands the spectrum of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 variants and
supports that digenic inheritance is unlikely. Furthermore, it highlights the
relevance of assessing large-scale rearrangements and splicing mutations to fully
characterize cystinuria patients at the molecular level.