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2017 ; 199
(2
): 501-509
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Hox5 Paralogous Genes Modulate Th2 Cell Function during Chronic Allergic
Inflammation via Regulation of Gata3
#MMPMID28576978
Ptaschinski C
; Hrycaj SM
; Schaller MA
; Wellik DM
; Lukacs NW
J Immunol
2017[Jul]; 199
(2
): 501-509
PMID28576978
show ga
Allergic asthma is a significant health burden in western countries, and
continues to increase in prevalence. Th2 cells contribute to the development of
disease through release of the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, resulting in
increased airway eosinophils and mucus hypersecretion. The molecular mechanisms
behind the disease pathology remain largely unknown. In this study we
investigated a potential regulatory role for the Hox5 gene family, Hoxa5, Hoxb5,
and Hoxc5, genes known to be important in lung development within mesenchymal
cell populations. We found that Hox5-mutant mice show exacerbated pathology
compared with wild-type controls in a chronic allergen model, with an increased
Th2 response and exacerbated lung tissue pathology. Bone marrow chimera
experiments indicated that the observed enhanced pathology was mediated by immune
cell function independent of mesenchymal cell Hox5 family function. Examination
of T cells grown in Th2 polarizing conditions showed increased proliferation,
enhanced Gata3 expression, and elevated production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in
Hox5-deficient T cells compared with wild-type controls. Overexpression of
FLAG-tagged HOX5 proteins in Jurkat cells demonstrated HOX5 binding to the Gata3
locus and decreased Gata3 and IL-4 expression, supporting a role for HOX5
proteins in direct transcriptional control of Th2 development. These results
reveal a novel role for Hox5 genes as developmental regulators of Th2 immune cell
function that demonstrates a redeployment of mesenchyme-associated developmental
genes.