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2017 ; 7
(1
): 5219
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Actomyosin and vimentin cytoskeletal networks regulate nuclear shape, mechanics
and chromatin organization
#MMPMID28701767
Keeling MC
; Flores LR
; Dodhy AH
; Murray ER
; Gavara N
Sci Rep
2017[Jul]; 7
(1
): 5219
PMID28701767
show ga
The regulation of nuclear state by the cytoskeleton is an important part of
cellular function. Actomyosin stress fibres, microtubules and intermediate
filaments have distinct and complementary roles in integrating the nucleus into
its environment and influencing its mechanical state. However, the
interconnectedness of cytoskeletal networks makes it difficult to dissect their
individual effects on the nucleus. We use simple image analysis approaches to
characterize nuclear state, estimating nuclear volume, Poisson's ratio, apparent
elastic modulus and chromatin condensation. By combining them with cytoskeletal
quantification, we assess how cytoskeletal organization regulates nuclear state.
We report for a number of cell types that nuclei display auxetic properties.
Furthermore, stress fibres and intermediate filaments modulate the mechanical
properties of the nucleus and also chromatin condensation. Conversely, nuclear
volume and its gross morphology are regulated by intracellular outward pulling
forces exerted by myosin. The modulation exerted by the cytoskeleton onto the
nucleus results in changes that are of similar magnitude to those observed when
the nucleus is altered intrinsically, inducing chromatin decondensation or cell
differentiation. Our approach allows pinpointing the contribution of distinct
cytoskeletal proteins to nuclear mechanical state in physio- and pathological
conditions, furthering our understanding of a key aspect of cellular behaviour.