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2017 ; 8
(ä): 1264
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English Wikipedia
Determinants of Bacterial Morphology: From Fundamentals to Possibilities for
Antimicrobial Targeting
#MMPMID28740487
van Teeseling MCF
; de Pedro MA
; Cava F
Front Microbiol
2017[]; 8
(ä): 1264
PMID28740487
show ga
Bacterial morphology is extremely diverse. Specific shapes are the consequence of
adaptive pressures optimizing bacterial fitness. Shape affects critical
biological functions, including nutrient acquisition, motility, dispersion,
stress resistance and interactions with other organisms. Although the
characteristic shape of a bacterial species remains unchanged for vast numbers of
generations, periodical variations occur throughout the cell (division) and life
cycles, and these variations can be influenced by environmental conditions.
Bacterial morphology is ultimately dictated by the net-like peptidoglycan (PG)
sacculus. The species-specific shape of the PG sacculus at any time in the cell
cycle is the product of multiple determinants. Some morphological determinants
act as a cytoskeleton to guide biosynthetic complexes spatiotemporally, whereas
others modify the PG sacculus after biosynthesis. Accumulating evidence supports
critical roles of morphogenetic processes in bacteria-host interactions,
including pathogenesis. Here, we review the molecular determinants underlying
morphology, discuss the evidence linking bacterial morphology to niche adaptation
and pathogenesis, and examine the potential of morphological determinants as
antimicrobial targets.