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10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071635 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071635 C5500220!5500220!27813829     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 219.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 219.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 219.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Annu+Rev+Physiol 2017 ; 79 (ä): 67-91 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27813829|t=2017. Vascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient |pdf=|usr=}}{{27813829}} gab.com Text Vascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient JO: Annu Rev Physiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27813829 #FOAvip Vertebrates are endowed with a closed circulatory system, the evolution of which required novel structural and regulatory changes. Furthermore, immune cell trafficking paradigms adapted to the barriers imposed by the closed circulatory system. How did such changes occur mechanistically? We propose that spatial compartmentalization of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) may be one such mechanism. In vertebrates, S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the blood and lymphatic circulation, thus comprising a sharp S1P gradient across the endothelial barrier. Circulatory S1P has critical roles in maturation and homeostasis of the vascular system as well as in immune cell trafficking. Physiological functions of S1P are tightly linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow. Thus, circulatory S1P confinement could be a primordial strategy of vertebrates in the development of a closed circulatory system. This review discusses the cellular and molecular basis of the S1P gradients and aims to interpret its physiological significance as a key feature of the closed circulatory system. Twit Text FOAVip Vascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient ????Annu Rev Physiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27813829 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27813829 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27813829}}</ref> Vascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient #MMPMID27813829 Yanagida K; Hla T Annu Rev Physiol 2017[Feb]; 79 (ä): 67-91 PMID27813829show ga Vertebrates are endowed with a closed circulatory system, the evolution of which required novel structural and regulatory changes. Furthermore, immune cell trafficking paradigms adapted to the barriers imposed by the closed circulatory system. How did such changes occur mechanistically? We propose that spatial compartmentalization of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) may be one such mechanism. In vertebrates, S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the blood and lymphatic circulation, thus comprising a sharp S1P gradient across the endothelial barrier. Circulatory S1P has critical roles in maturation and homeostasis of the vascular system as well as in immune cell trafficking. Physiological functions of S1P are tightly linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow. Thus, circulatory S1P confinement could be a primordial strategy of vertebrates in the development of a closed circulatory system. This review discusses the cellular and molecular basis of the S1P gradients and aims to interpret its physiological significance as a key feature of the closed circulatory system. äVascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing