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2017 ; 45
(11
): 6644-6655
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Transposition of Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) resembles hAT and
Transib elements and V(D)J recombination
#MMPMID28482040
Liu K
; Wessler SR
Nucleic Acids Res
2017[Jun]; 45
(11
): 6644-6655
PMID28482040
show ga
Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) are widespread across fungal, plant
and animal species. Despite their abundance and importance as genetic tools in
plants, the transposition mechanism of the MULE superfamily was previously
unknown. Discovery of the Muta1 element from Aedes aegypti and its successful
transposition in yeast facilitated the characterization of key steps in Muta1
transposition. Here we show that purified transposase binds specifically to the
Muta1 ends and catalyzes excision through double strand breaks (DSB) and the
joining of newly excised transposon ends with target DNA. In the process, the DSB
forms hairpin intermediates on the flanking DNA side. Analysis of transposase
proteins containing site-directed mutations revealed the importance of the
conserved DDE motif and a W residue. The transposition pathway resembles that of
the V(D)J recombination reaction and the mechanism of hAT and Transib
transposases including the importance of the conserved W residue in both MULEs
and hATs. In addition, yeast transposition and in vitro assays demonstrated that
the terminal motif and subterminal repeats of the Muta1 terminal inverted repeat
also influence Muta1 transposition. Collectively, our data provides new insights
to understand the evolutionary relationships between MULE, hAT and Transib
elements and the V(D)J recombinase.