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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Int+J+Environ+Res+Public+Health
2017 ; 14
(6
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Lithium in Drinking Water and Incidence of Suicide: A Nationwide Individual-Level
Cohort Study with 22 Years of Follow-Up
#MMPMID28604590
Knudsen NN
; Schullehner J
; Hansen B
; Jørgensen LF
; Kristiansen SM
; Voutchkova DD
; Gerds TA
; Andersen PK
; Bihrmann K
; Grønbæk M
; Kessing LV
; Ersbøll AK
Int J Environ Res Public Health
2017[Jun]; 14
(6
): ä PMID28604590
show ga
Suicide is a major public health concern. High-dose lithium is used to stabilize
mood and prevent suicide in patients with affective disorders. Lithium occurs
naturally in drinking water worldwide in much lower doses, but with large
geographical variation. Several studies conducted at an aggregate level have
suggested an association between lithium in drinking water and a reduced risk of
suicide; however, a causal relation is uncertain. Individual-level register-based
data on the entire Danish adult population (3.7 million individuals) from 1991 to
2012 were linked with a moving five-year time-weighted average (TWA) lithium
exposure level from drinking water hypothesizing an inverse relationship. The
mean lithium level was 11.6 ?g/L ranging from 0.6 to 30.7 ?g/L. The suicide rate
decreased from 29.7 per 100,000 person-years at risk in 1991 to 18.4 per 100,000
person-years in 2012. We found no significant indication of an association
between increasing five-year TWA lithium exposure level and decreasing suicide
rate. The comprehensiveness of using individual-level data and spatial analyses
with 22 years of follow-up makes a pronounced contribution to previous findings.
Our findings demonstrate that there does not seem to be a protective effect of
exposure to lithium on the incidence of suicide with levels below 31 ?g/L in
drinking water.