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2017 ; 6
(6
): e1323155
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The splenic marginal zone shapes the phenotype of leukemia B cells and
facilitates their niche-specific retention and survival
#MMPMID28680761
Stache V
; Verlaat L
; Gätjen M
; Heinig K
; Westermann J
; Rehm A
; Höpken UE
Oncoimmunology
2017[]; 6
(6
): e1323155
PMID28680761
show ga
Microenvironmental regulation in lymphoid tissues is essential for the
development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We identified cellular and molecular
factors provided by the splenic marginal zone (MZ), which alter the migratory and
adhesive behavior of leukemic cells. We used the Cxcr5(-/-)Eµ-Tcl1 leukemia mouse
model, in which tumor cells are excluded from B cell follicles and instead
accumulate within the MZ. Genes involved in MZ B cell development and genes
encoding for adhesion molecules were upregulated in MZ-localized
Cxcr5(-/-)Eµ-Tcl1 cells. Likewise, surface expression of the adhesion and homing
molecules, CD49d/VLA-4 and CXCR7, and of NOTCH2 was increased. In vitro, exposing
Eµ-Tcl1 cells or human CLL cells to niche-specific stimuli, like B cell receptor-
or Toll-like receptor ligands, caused surface expression of these molecules
characteristic for a follicular or MZ-like microenvironment, respectively. In
vivo, inhibition of VLA-4-mediated adhesion and CXCL13-mediated follicular homing
displaced leukemic cells not only from the follicle, but also from the MZ and
reduced leukemia progression. We conclude that MZ-specific factors shape the
phenotype of leukemic cells and facilitate their niche-specific retention. This
strong microenvironmental influence gains pathogenic significance independent
from tumor-specific genetic aberrations.