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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Clin+Transl+Med 2017 ; 6 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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IFN?-producing CD4+ T lymphocytes: the double-edged swords in tuberculosis #MMPMID28646367
Kumar P
Clin Transl Med 2017[]; 6 (ä): ä PMID28646367show ga
IFN?-producing CD4+ T cells (IFN?+CD4+ T cells) are the key orchestrators of protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Primarily, these cells act by enabling Mtb-infected macrophages to enforce phagosome-lysosome fusion, produce reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs), and activate autophagy pathways. However, TB is a heterogeneous disease and a host of clinical and experimental findings has also implicated IFN?+CD4+ T cells in TB pathogenesis. High frequency of IFN?+CD4+ T cells is the most invariable feature of the active disease. Active TB patients mount a heightened IFN?+CD4+ T cell response to mycobacterial antigens and demonstrate an IFN?-inducible transcriptomic signature. IFN?+CD4+ T cells have also been shown to mediate TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB?IRIS) observed in a subset of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV- and Mtb-coinfected people. The pathological face of IFN?+CD4+ T cells during mycobacterial infection is further uncovered by studies in the animal model of TB?IRIS and in Mtb-infected PD-1?/? mice. This manuscript encompasses the evidence supporting the dual role of IFN?+CD4+ T cells during Mtb infection and sheds light on immune mechanisms involved in protection versus pathogenesis.