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2017 ; 7
(ä): 276
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Neuroinflammation and Infection: Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Dysfunction
of Neurovascular Unit
#MMPMID28676848
Tohidpour A
; Morgun AV
; Boitsova EB
; Malinovskaya NA
; Martynova GP
; Khilazheva ED
; Kopylevich NV
; Gertsog GE
; Salmina AB
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
2017[]; 7
(ä): 276
PMID28676848
show ga
Neuroinflammation is a complex inflammatory process in the central nervous
system, which is sought to play an important defensive role against various
pathogens, toxins or factors that induce neurodegeneration. The onset of
neurodegenerative diseases and various microbial infections are counted as
stimuli that can challenge the host immune system and trigger the development of
neuroinflammation. The homeostatic nature of neuroinflammation is essential to
maintain the neuroplasticity. Neuroinflammation is regulated by the activity of
neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells within the neurovascular unit, which
serves as a "platform" for the coordinated action of pro- and anti-inflammatory
mechanisms. Production of inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, reactive
oxygen species) by brain resident cells or cells migrating from the peripheral
blood, results in the impairment of blood-brain barrier integrity, thereby
further affecting the course of local inflammation. In this review, we analyzed
the most recent data on the central nervous system inflammation and focused on
major mechanisms of neurovascular unit dysfunction caused by neuroinflammation
and infections.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Blood-Brain Barrier/immunology
[MESH]
|Brain/immunology
[MESH]
|Cell Movement
[MESH]
|Central Nervous System Infections/blood/complications/*immunology
[MESH]