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2017 ; 67
(1
): 100-109
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Thymic NF-?B-inducing kinase regulates CD4(+) T cell-elicited liver injury and
fibrosis in mice
#MMPMID28267623
Shen H
; Sheng L
; Xiong Y
; Kim YH
; Jiang L
; Chen Z
; Liu Y
; Pyaram K
; Chang CH
; Rui L
J Hepatol
2017[Jul]; 67
(1
): 100-109
PMID28267623
show ga
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The liver is an immunologically-privileged organ. Breakdown of
liver immune privilege has been reported in chronic liver disease; however, the
role of adaptive immunity in liver injury is poorly defined. Nuclear
factor-?B-inducing kinase (NIK) is known to regulate immune tissue development,
but its role in maintaining liver homeostasis remains unknown. This study aimed
to assess the role of NIK, particularly thymic NIK, in regulating liver adaptive
immunity. METHODS: NIK was deleted systemically or conditionally using the
Cre/loxp system. Cluster of differentiation [CD]4(+) or CD8(+) T cells were
depleted using anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibody. Donor bone marrows or thymi were
transferred into recipient mice. Immune cells were assessed by
immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Global, but not liver-specific
or hematopoietic lineage cell-specific, deletion of NIK induced fatal liver
injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Likewise, adoptive transfer of NIK-null, but
not wild-type, thymi into immune-deficient mice induced liver inflammation,
injury, and fibrosis in recipients. Liver inflammation was characterized by a
massive expansion of T cells, particularly the CD4(+) T cell subpopulation.
Depletion of CD4(+), but not CD8(+), T cells fully protected against liver
injury, inflammation, and fibrosis in NIK-null mice. NIK deficiency also resulted
in inflammation in the lung, kidney, and pancreas, but to a lesser degree
relative to the liver. CONCLUSIONS: Thymic NIK suppresses development of
autoreactive T cells against liver antigens, and NIK deficiency in the thymus
results in CD4(+) T cell-orchestrated autoimmune hepatitis and liver fibrosis.
Thus, thymic NIK is essential for the maintenance of liver immune privilege and
liver homeostasis. LAY SUMMARY: We found that global or thymus-specific ablation
of the NIK gene results in fatal autoimmune liver disease in mice. NIK-deficient
mice develop liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. Our findings indicate that
thymic NIK is essential for the maintenance of liver integrity and homeostasis.