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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Biol+Rhythms
2017 ; 32
(3
): 237-245
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Plasticity in the Period of the Circadian Pacemaker Induced by Phase Dispersion
of Its Constituent Cellular Clocks
#MMPMID28480817
Beersma DGM
; Gargar KA
; Daan S
J Biol Rhythms
2017[Jun]; 32
(3
): 237-245
PMID28480817
show ga
The mammalian circadian pacemaker is commonly thought to be a rigid oscillator
that generates output under a variety of circumstances that differ only in phase,
period, and/or amplitude. Yet the pacemaker is composed of many cells that each
can respond to varying circumstances in different ways. Computer simulations
demonstrate that networks of such pacemaker cells behave differently under a
light-dark cycle compared with constant darkness. The differences demonstrate
that the circadian pacemaker is plastic: The pacemaker shapes its properties in
response to the circumstances. A consequence is that properties of a pacemaker
under a light-dark cycle cannot be derived from studies of the same system in
constant darkness. In this paper we show that the dispersion of phase in a
network of coupled oscillators can influence ensemble period: For the considered
type of coupling, it is demonstrated that the more synchronous the cells are, the
longer is the ensemble period. This is consistent with various data sets obtained
in mammals, and even with a data set from fruit flies, in which circadian
variation in behavior is regulated in a distinctly differently way from that in
mammals. We conclude that environmental circumstances such as photoperiod and
exposure to light pulses in otherwise darkness modify the phase distribution of
the network and, thereby, the period of the ensemble. Our study supports the view
that such properties as circadian period are not solely determined by clock genes
but are also determined by the genes that regulate the communication in cellular
networks.