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Translation and folding of single proteins in real time #MMPMID28507157
Wruck F; Katranidis A; Nierhaus KH; Büldt G; Hegner M
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017[May]; 114 (22): E4399-407 PMID28507157show ga
How proteins fold natively with efficient fidelity while being synthesized remains largely unexplored. Understanding protein synthesis on a single-molecule level is of particular interest to the life sciences and relevant for various diseases. Although protein synthesis and folding are well-studied subjects, cotranslational folding has been proven difficult to observe. Using optical tweezers, we measured the mechanics of synthesis and simultaneous folding in real time. We found that cotranslational folding occurs at predictable locations, exerting forces on the nascent polypeptide. Furthermore, we show that transient pauses and gradual slowing of translation occur in particular locations along the protein sequence, facilitating native secondary-structure formation. Thus, the rate of synthesis is inherently coupled to cotranslational folding, assuring reliable and fast native folding.