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10.7448/IAS.20.1.21162 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.7448/IAS.20.1.21162 C5461120!5461120 !28364565     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=28364565 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South Africans? A systematic review and meta-analysis |pdf=|usr=}}{{28364565 }} gab.com Text How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South Africans A systematic review and meta-analysis JO: J Int AIDS Soc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28364565 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: HIV is transmitted more effectively during anal intercourse (AI) than vaginal intercourse (VI). However, patterns of heterosexual AI practice and its contribution to South Africa's generalized epidemic remain unclear. We aimed to determine how common and frequent heterosexual AI is in South Africa. METHODS: We searched for studies reporting the proportion practising heterosexual AI (prevalence) and/or the number of AI and unprotected AI (UAI) acts (frequency) in South Africa from 1990 to 2015. Stratified random-effects meta-analysis by sub-groups was used to produce pooled estimates and assess the influence of participant and study characteristics on AI prevalence. We also estimated the fraction of all sex acts which were AI or UAI and compared condom use during VI and AI. RESULTS: Of 41 included studies, 31 reported on AI prevalence and 14 on frequency, over various recall periods. AI prevalence was high across different recall periods for sexually active general-risk populations (e.g. lifetime = 18.4% [95%CI:9.4-27.5%], three-month = 20.3% [6.1-34.7%]), but tended to be even higher in higher-risk populations such as STI patients and female sex workers (e.g. lifetime = 23.2% [0.0-47.4%], recall period not stated = 40.1% [36.2-44.0%]). Prevalence was higher in studies using more confidential interview methods. Among general and higher-risk populations, 1.2-40.0% and 0.7-21.0% of all unprotected sex acts were UAI, respectively. AI acts were as likely to be condom protected as vaginal acts. CONCLUSION: Reported heterosexual AI is common but variable among South Africans. Nationally and regionally representative sexual behaviour studies that use standardized recall periods and confidential interview methods, to aid comparison across studies and minimize reporting bias, are needed. Such data could be used to estimate the extent to which AI contributes to South Africa's HIV epidemic. Twit Text FOAVip How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South Africans A systematic review and meta-analysis ????J Int AIDS Soc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28364565 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28364565 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28364565 }}</ref> How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South Africans? A systematic review and meta-analysis #MMPMID28364565 Owen BN ; Elmes J ; Silhol R ; Dang Q ; McGowan I ; Shacklett B ; Swann EM ; van der Straten A ; Baggaley RF ; Boily MC J Int AIDS Soc 2017[Jan]; 19 (1 ): 21162 PMID28364565 show ga BACKGROUND: HIV is transmitted more effectively during anal intercourse (AI) than vaginal intercourse (VI). However, patterns of heterosexual AI practice and its contribution to South Africa's generalized epidemic remain unclear. We aimed to determine how common and frequent heterosexual AI is in South Africa. METHODS: We searched for studies reporting the proportion practising heterosexual AI (prevalence) and/or the number of AI and unprotected AI (UAI) acts (frequency) in South Africa from 1990 to 2015. Stratified random-effects meta-analysis by sub-groups was used to produce pooled estimates and assess the influence of participant and study characteristics on AI prevalence. We also estimated the fraction of all sex acts which were AI or UAI and compared condom use during VI and AI. RESULTS: Of 41 included studies, 31 reported on AI prevalence and 14 on frequency, over various recall periods. AI prevalence was high across different recall periods for sexually active general-risk populations (e.g. lifetime = 18.4% [95%CI:9.4-27.5%], three-month = 20.3% [6.1-34.7%]), but tended to be even higher in higher-risk populations such as STI patients and female sex workers (e.g. lifetime = 23.2% [0.0-47.4%], recall period not stated = 40.1% [36.2-44.0%]). Prevalence was higher in studies using more confidential interview methods. Among general and higher-risk populations, 1.2-40.0% and 0.7-21.0% of all unprotected sex acts were UAI, respectively. AI acts were as likely to be condom protected as vaginal acts. CONCLUSION: Reported heterosexual AI is common but variable among South Africans. Nationally and regionally representative sexual behaviour studies that use standardized recall periods and confidential interview methods, to aid comparison across studies and minimize reporting bias, are needed. Such data could be used to estimate the extent to which AI contributes to South Africa's HIV epidemic. |*Heterosexuality [MESH] |*Sexual Behavior [MESH] |Adult [MESH] |Anal Canal [MESH] |Black People [MESH] |Condoms/statistics & numerical data [MESH] |Female [MESH] |HIV Infections/epidemiology [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Prevalence [MESH] |Safe Sex [MESH] |Sex Workers [MESH] |South Africa/epidemiology [MESH]How common and frequent is heterosexual anal intercourse among South A(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing