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10.1210/jc.2016-2762 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1210/jc.2016-2762 C5460682!5460682 !27768856     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=27768856 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy |pdf=|usr=}}{{27768856 }} gab.com Text Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy JO: J Clin Endocrinol Metab http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27768856 #FOAvip CONTEXT: The sources and biological impact of 3,3',5,5' tetraiodothyroacetic acid (TA4) are uncertain. CD34+ fibrocytes express several proteins involved in the production of thyroid hormones. They infiltrate the orbit in Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune process known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. It appears that the thyrotropin receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. OBJECTIVE: To quantify levels of TA4 in healthy participants and those with GD, determine whether fibrocytes generate this thyroid hormone analogue, and determine whether TA4 influences the actions of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in orbital fibroblasts. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Patients with GD and healthy donors in an academic medical center clinical practice were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, autoradiography, real-time polymerase chain reaction, hyaluronan immunoassay. RESULTS: Serum levels of TA4 are elevated in GD. TA4 levels are positively correlated with those of thyroxine and negatively correlated with serum levels of triiodothyronine. Several cell types in culture generate TA4 from ambient thyroxine, including fibrocytes, HELA cells, human Müller stem cells, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells. Propylthiouracil inhibits TA4 generation. TA4 enhances the induction by thyrotropin and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins of several participants in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, including interleukin 6, hyaluronan synthase 1, prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase 2, and haluronan production. CONCLUSION: TA4 may be ubiquitously generated in many tissues and enhances the biological impact of thyrotropin and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in orbital connective tissue. These findings may identify a physiologically important determinant of extrathyroidal thyroid-stimulating hormone action. Twit Text FOAVip Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy ????J Clin Endocrinol Metab http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27768856 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27768856 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27768856 }}</ref> Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy #MMPMID27768856 Fernando R ; Placzek E ; Reese EA ; Placzek AT ; Schwartz S ; Trierweiler A ; Niziol LM ; Raychaudhuri N ; Atkins S ; Scanlan TS ; Smith TJ J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017[Mar]; 102 (3 ): 776-785 PMID27768856 show ga CONTEXT: The sources and biological impact of 3,3',5,5' tetraiodothyroacetic acid (TA4) are uncertain. CD34+ fibrocytes express several proteins involved in the production of thyroid hormones. They infiltrate the orbit in Graves disease (GD), an autoimmune process known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. It appears that the thyrotropin receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. OBJECTIVE: To quantify levels of TA4 in healthy participants and those with GD, determine whether fibrocytes generate this thyroid hormone analogue, and determine whether TA4 influences the actions of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in orbital fibroblasts. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Patients with GD and healthy donors in an academic medical center clinical practice were recruited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, autoradiography, real-time polymerase chain reaction, hyaluronan immunoassay. RESULTS: Serum levels of TA4 are elevated in GD. TA4 levels are positively correlated with those of thyroxine and negatively correlated with serum levels of triiodothyronine. Several cell types in culture generate TA4 from ambient thyroxine, including fibrocytes, HELA cells, human Müller stem cells, and retinal pigmented epithelial cells. Propylthiouracil inhibits TA4 generation. TA4 enhances the induction by thyrotropin and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins of several participants in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, including interleukin 6, hyaluronan synthase 1, prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase 2, and haluronan production. CONCLUSION: TA4 may be ubiquitously generated in many tissues and enhances the biological impact of thyrotropin and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in orbital connective tissue. These findings may identify a physiologically important determinant of extrathyroidal thyroid-stimulating hormone action. |Adult [MESH] |Aged [MESH] |Aged, 80 and over [MESH] |Autoradiography [MESH] |Case-Control Studies [MESH] |Cells, Cultured [MESH] |Chromatography, Liquid [MESH] |Ependymoglial Cells/metabolism [MESH] |Female [MESH] |Fibroblasts/metabolism [MESH] |Flow Cytometry [MESH] |Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism [MESH] |Graves Disease/*blood/complications [MESH] |Graves Ophthalmopathy/*blood/etiology [MESH] |HeLa Cells [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Hyaluronan Synthases [MESH] |Hyaluronic Acid/metabolism [MESH] |Immunoassay [MESH] |Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating/metabolism [MESH] |Interleukin-6/metabolism [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Middle Aged [MESH] |Orbit [MESH] |Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolism [MESH] |Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction [MESH] |Receptors, Thyrotropin/metabolism [MESH] |Retinal Pigment Epithelium/cytology/metabolism [MESH] |Sex Factors [MESH] |Tandem Mass Spectrometry [MESH] |Thyrotropin/metabolism [MESH] |Thyroxine/*analogs & derivatives/blood [MESH] |Triiodothyronine/blood [MESH]Elevated Serum Tetrac in Graves Disease: Potential Pathogenic Role in (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing