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2017 ; 7
(1
): 2775
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Cathepsin S inhibition combines control of systemic and peripheral
pathomechanisms of autoimmune tissue injury
#MMPMID28584258
Tato M
; Kumar SV
; Liu Y
; Mulay SR
; Moll S
; Popper B
; Eberhard JN
; Thomasova D
; Rufer AC
; Gruner S
; Haap W
; Hartmann G
; Anders HJ
Sci Rep
2017[Jun]; 7
(1
): 2775
PMID28584258
show ga
Cathepsin(Cat)-S processing of the invariant chain-MHC-II complex inside antigen
presenting cells is a central pathomechanism of autoimmune-diseases.
Additionally, Cat-S is released by activated-myeloid cells and was recently
described to activate protease-activated-receptor-(PAR)-2 in extracellular
compartments. We hypothesized that Cat-S blockade targets both mechanisms and
elicits synergistic therapeutic effects on autoimmune tissue injury. MRL-(Fas)lpr
mice with spontaneous autoimmune tissue injury were treated with different doses
of Cat-S inhibitor RO5459072, mycophenolate mofetil or vehicle. Further, female
MRL-(Fas)lpr mice were injected with recombinant Cat-S with/without concomitant
Cat-S or PAR-2 blockade. Cat-S blockade dose-dependently reversed aberrant
systemic autoimmunity, e.g. plasma cytokines, activation of myeloid cells and
hypergammaglobulinemia. Especially IgG autoantibody production was suppressed. Of
note (MHC-II-independent) IgM were unaffected by Cat-S blockade while they were
suppressed by MMF. Cat-S blockade dose-dependently suppressed immune-complex
glomerulonephritis together with a profound and early effect on proteinuria,
which was not shared by MMF. In fact, intravenous Cat-S injection induced severe
glomerular endothelial injury and albuminuria, which was entirely prevented by
Cat-S or PAR-2 blockade. In-vitro studies confirm that Cat-S induces endothelial
activation and injury via PAR-2. Therapeutic Cat-S blockade suppresses systemic
and peripheral pathomechanisms of autoimmune tissue injury, hence, Cat-S is a
promising therapeutic target in lupus nephritis.