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Understanding RNA modifications: the promises and technological bottlenecks of
the epitranscriptome
#MMPMID28566301
Schaefer M
; Kapoor U
; Jantsch MF
Open Biol
2017[May]; 7
(5
): ? PMID28566301
show ga
The discovery of mechanisms that alter genetic information via RNA editing or
introducing covalent RNA modifications points towards a complexity in gene
expression that challenges long-standing concepts. Understanding the biology of
RNA modifications represents one of the next frontiers in molecular biology. To
this date, over 130 different RNA modifications have been identified, and
improved mass spectrometry approaches are still adding to this list. However,
only recently has it been possible to map selected RNA modifications at
single-nucleotide resolution, which has created a number of exciting hypotheses
about the biological function of RNA modifications, culminating in the
proposition of the 'epitranscriptome'. Here, we review some of the technological
advances in this rapidly developing field, identify the conceptual challenges and
discuss approaches that are needed to rigorously test the biological function of
specific RNA modifications.
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