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2017 ; 7
(1
): 2421
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Thymic homing of activated CD4(+) T cells induces degeneration of the thymic
epithelium through excessive RANK signaling
#MMPMID28546567
Yin C
; Pei XY
; Shen H
; Gao YN
; Sun XY
; Wang W
; Ge Q
; Zhang Y
Sci Rep
2017[May]; 7
(1
): 2421
PMID28546567
show ga
Activated T cells have been shown to be able to recirculate into the thymus from
the periphery. The present study was aimed to elucidate the functional
consequences of thymic homing of activated T cells upon developing thymocytes and
thymic epithelial cells (TEC). In the presence of activated T cells, especially
CD4(+) T cells, T cell development was found to be inhibited in thymic organ
cultures with markedly reduced cellularity. Thymic transplantation demonstrated
that the inhibitory effect was most likely due to a defective microenvironment.
As the major component of the thymic stroma, the TEC compartment was severely
disturbed after prolonged exposure to the activated T cells. In addition to
reduced cell proliferation, TEC differentiation was heavily skewed to the mTEC
lineage. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RANKL highly expressed by activated
CD4(+) T cells was primarily responsible for the detrimental effects. Presumably,
excessive RANK signaling drove overproduction of mTECs and possibly exhaustion of
epithelial progenitors, thereby facilitating the deterioration of the epithelial
structures. These findings not only reveal a novel activity of activated T cells
re-entering the thymus, but also provide a new perspective for understanding the
mechanism underlying thymic involution.