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2016 ; 1
(3
): 115-121
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Low-dose intravenous tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischaemic stroke: an
alternative or a new standard?
#MMPMID28959472
Dong Y
; Cao W
; Cheng X
; Fang K
; Wu F
; Yang L
; Xie Y
; Dong Q
Stroke Vasc Neurol
2016[Sep]; 1
(3
): 115-121
PMID28959472
show ga
BACKGROUND: With the recent publication of a large clinical trial on the use of a
lower dose of intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute
ischaemic stroke (AIS), the concept of using a different dose has been debated.
We intend to review the literature on using a lower dose of IV tPA and gain a
better understanding of the impact of different IV doses on the treatment of
patients with AIS. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of the related
topics in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and MEDLINE was carried out. Key words
used include low dose IV tPA, thrombolysis, Alteplace and tPA for AIS. Findings
were tabulated according to the size of the cohort studied, outcome, adverse
event and level of evidence. The results of all studies using lower doses were
analysed for efficacy and adverse events. RESULTS: From 1992 to 2016, there were
23 trials that included 10?950 patients published on the use of lower doses of IV
tPA for AIS. Doses ranged from 0.5, 0.6, 0.75 to 0.85?mg/kg. Most were
observational, retrospective and registry studies. One was a prospective
open-label randomised controlled trial. 13 trials combined lower doses of IV tPA
with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor or thrombectomy. Patients treated with
lower doses of IV tPA showed a trend of lower rate of symptomatic intracranial
haemorrhage and mortality at 3?months but slightly more disability. CONCLUSIONS:
Lower doses of IV tPA showed less haemorrhagic events but were not more effective
compared with the standard dose. The optimal low dose of IV tPA remains unclear.
Patients with AIS with a high risk of developing sypmtomatic intracranial
haemorrhage might benefit from lower dose IV tPA, such as 0.6?mg/kg.