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2017 ; 12
(5
): e0177422
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English Wikipedia
Ascertaining the impact of catastrophic events on dengue outbreak: The 2014 gas
explosions in Kaohsiung, Taiwan
#MMPMID28520740
Hsieh YH
PLoS One
2017[]; 12
(5
): e0177422
PMID28520740
show ga
Infectious disease outbreaks often occur in the aftermath of catastrophic events,
either natural or man-made. While natural disasters such as typhoons/hurricanes,
flooding and earthquakes have been known to increase the risk of infectious
disease outbreak, the impact of anthropogenic disasters is less well-understood.
Kaohsiung City is located in southern Taiwan, where most dengue outbreaks had
occurred in the past two decades. It is also the center of petrochemical industry
in Taiwan with pipelines running underneath city streets. Multiple underground
gas explosions occurred in Kaohsiung in the evening of July 31, 2014 due to
chemical leaks in the pipelines. The explosions caused 32 deaths, including five
firefighters and two volunteer firefighters, and injured 321 persons.
Historically, dengue outbreaks in southern Taiwan occurred mostly in small
numbers of around 2000 cases or less, except in 2002 with over 5000 cases.
However, in the months after the gas explosions, the city reported 14528
lab-confirmed dengue cases from August to December. To investigate the possible
impact, if any, of the gas explosions on this record-breaking dengue outbreak, a
simple mathematical model, the Richards model, is utilized to study the temporal
patterns of the spread of dengue in the districts of Kaohsiung in the proximity
of the explosion sites and to pinpoint the waves of infections that had occurred
in each district in the aftermath of the gas explosions. The reproduction number
of each wave in each district is also computed. In the aftermath of the gas
explosions, early waves occurred 4-5 days (which coincides with the minimum of
human intrinsic incubation period for dengue) later in districts with multiple
waves. The gas explosions likely impacted the timing of the waves, but their
impact on the magnitude of the 2014 outbreak remains unclear. The modeling
suggests the need for public health surveillance and preparedness in the
aftermath of future disasters.