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2017 ; 7
(1
): 1953
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Hyponatremia upon presentation to the emergency department - the need for urgent
neuroimaging studies
#MMPMID28512320
Bokemeyer A
; Dziewas R
; Wiendl H
; Schwindt W
; Bicsán P
; Kümpers P
; Pavenstädt H
Sci Rep
2017[May]; 7
(1
): 1953
PMID28512320
show ga
This study aims to evaluate the necessity of urgent neuroimaging for emergency
admissions exhibiting symptomatology of profound hyponatremia. We retrospectively
analyzed the medical records of all patients admitted to the emergency room of
the University Hospital Münster from 2010 to 2014 with a serum sodium value <
125?mmol/L. From 52918 emergency admissions, 261 patients with profound
hyponatremia were identified, of whom 140 (54%) had neurological symptoms.
Unspecific weakness and confusion were the most prevalent of these symptoms
(59%). Focal neurological signs [FNS] were present in 31% of cases and
neuroimaging was performed in 68% (95/140) of symptomatic patients. Multiple
logistic regression analysis identified FNS, seizures, altered consciousness and
age as independent predictors for conducting neuroimaging (all p?0.05).
Significant pathological findings consistent with acute symptomatology were
evident in 17 cases, all of whom had FNS. Recursive partitioning analyses
confirmed FNS as the best predictor of neuroimaging pathology (p?0.001).
Absence of FNS had a negative predictive value of 100% [95% confidence interval:
93-100%] for excluding neuroimaging pathology. In conclusion, emergency patients
with profound hyponatremia frequently show nonspecific-neurological symptoms and
may undergo neuroimaging unnecessarily. The lack of FNS may serve as a valuable
criterion for withholding neuroimaging until hyponatremia has been corrected.