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2017 ; 17
(1
): 343
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Reemergence of yellow fever in Ethiopia after 50 years, 2013: epidemiological and
entomological investigations
#MMPMID28506254
Lilay A
; Asamene N
; Bekele A
; Mengesha M
; Wendabeku M
; Tareke I
; Girmay A
; Wuletaw Y
; Adossa A
; Ba Y
; Sall A
; Jima D
; Mengesha D
BMC Infect Dis
2017[May]; 17
(1
): 343
PMID28506254
show ga
BACKGROUND: Yellow Fever (YF) is a viral hemorrhagic disease transmitted by aedes
mosquito species. Approximately, 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths occur worldwide
every year. In Ethiopia, the last outbreak was reported in 1966 with 2200 cases
and 450 deaths. A number of cases with deaths from unknown febrile illness
reported from South Ari district starting from November 2012. This investigation
was conducted to identify the causative agent, source of the outbreak and
recommend appropriate interventions. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed and
Patients and clinicians involved in managing the case were interviewed.
Descriptive data analysis was done by time, person and place. Serum samples were
collected for serological analysis it was done using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent
Assay for initial screening and confirmatory tests were done using Plaque
Reduction and Neutralization Test. Breteau and container indices were used for
the entomological investigation to determine the risk of epidemic. RESULTS: A
total of 141 Suspected YF cases with 43 deaths (CFR = 30.5%) were reported from
November 2012 to October 2013 from South Omo Zone. All age groups were affected
(mean 27.5, Range 1-75 Years). Of the total cases, 85.1% cases had jaundice and
56.7% cases had fever. Seven of the 21 samples were IgM positive for YF virus.
Aedes bromeliae and Aedes aegypti were identified as responsible vectors of YF in
affected area. The Breteau indices of Arkisha and Aykamer Kebeles were 44.4% and
33.3%, whereas the container indices were 12.9% and 22.2%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The investigation revealed that YF outbreak was reemerged after
50 years in Ethiopia. Vaccination should be given for the affected and
neighboring districts and Case based surveillance should be initiated to detect
every case.
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adult
[MESH]
|Aedes/*virology
[MESH]
|Aged
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Child
[MESH]
|Child, Preschool
[MESH]
|Disease Outbreaks
[MESH]
|Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
[MESH]
|Epidemics
[MESH]
|Ethiopia/epidemiology
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Infant
[MESH]
|Middle Aged
[MESH]
|Mosquito Vectors/virology
[MESH]
|Neutralization Tests
[MESH]
|Vaccination
[MESH]
|Yellow Fever/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control
[MESH]
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