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A phase separation model predicts key features of transcriptional control #MMPMID28340338
Hnisz D; Shrinivas K; Young RA; Chakraborty AK; Sharp PA
Cell 2017[Mar]; 169 (1): 13-23 PMID28340338show ga
Super-enhancers are large clusters of enhancers that control transcription of genes with prominent roles in cell-type specific processes in healthy and diseased states. A model that explains the spectrum of observations regarding super-enhancer formation, function and dissolution is lacking. Phase-separated multi-molecular assemblies provide an essential regulatory mechanism to compartmentalize biochemical reactions within cells. We propose that a phase separation model explains features of transcriptional control, including the formation of super-enhancers, the sensitivity of super-enhancers to perturbation, and their transcriptional bursting patterns. This model provides a conceptual framework to further explore principles of gene control in mammals.