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2017 ; 5
(ä): 2050312117708712
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English Wikipedia
Faecal microbiota transplantation: Where did it start? What have studies taught
us? Where is it going?
#MMPMID28540051
Chanyi RM
; Craven L
; Harvey B
; Reid G
; Silverman MJ
; Burton JP
SAGE Open Med
2017[]; 5
(ä): 2050312117708712
PMID28540051
show ga
The composition and activity of microorganisms in the gut, the microbiome, is
emerging as an important factor to consider with regard to the treatment of many
diseases. Dysbiosis of the normal community has been implicated in inflammatory
bowel disease, Crohn's disease, diabetes and, most notoriously, Clostridium
difficile infection. In Canada, the leading treatment strategy for recalcitrant
C. difficile infection is to receive faecal material which by nature is filled
with microorganisms and their metabolites, from a healthy individual, known as a
faecal microbiota transplantation. This influx of bacteria into the gut helps to
restore the microbiota to a healthy state, preventing C. difficile from causing
further disease. Much of what is known with respect to the microbiota and faecal
microbiota transplantation comes from animal studies simulating the human
disease. Although these models allow researchers to perform studies that would be
difficult in humans, they do not always recapitulate the human microbiome. This
makes the translation of these results to humans somewhat questionable. The
purpose of this review is to analyse these animal models and discuss the
advantages and the disadvantages of them in relation to human translation. By
understanding some of the limitation of animal models, we will be better able to
design and perform experiments of most relevance to human applications.