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Impaired renal function and dysbiosis of gut microbiota contribute to increased
trimethylamine-N-oxide in chronic kidney disease patients
#MMPMID28469156
Xu KY
; Xia GH
; Lu JQ
; Chen MX
; Zhen X
; Wang S
; You C
; Nie J
; Zhou HW
; Yin J
Sci Rep
2017[May]; 7
(1
): 1445
PMID28469156
show ga
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs). The present study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota and
blood trimethylamine-N-oxide concentration (TMAO) in Chinese CKD patients and
explore the underlying explanations through the animal experiment. The median
plasma TMAO level was 30.33??mol/L in the CKD patients, which was significantly
higher than the 2.08??mol/L concentration measured in the healthy controls.
Next-generation sequence revealed obvious dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in CKD
patients, with reduced bacterial diversity and biased community constitutions.
CKD patients had higher percentages of opportunistic pathogens from
gamma-Proteobacteria and reduced percentages of beneficial microbes, such as
Roseburia, Coprococcus, and Ruminococcaceae. The PICRUSt analysis demonstrated
that eight genes involved in choline, betaine, L-carnitine and trimethylamine
(TMA) metabolism were changed in the CKD patients. Moreover, we transferred
faecal samples from CKD patients and healthy controls into antibiotic-treated
C57BL/6 mice and found that the mice that received gut microbes from the CKD
patients had significantly higher plasma TMAO levels and different composition of
gut microbiota than did the comparative mouse group. Our present study
demonstrated that CKD patients had increased plasma TMAO levels due to
contributions from both impaired renal functions and dysbiosis of the gut
microbiota.
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