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2017 ; 7
(1
): 1057
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A novel mechanism linking memory stem cells with innate immunity in protection
against HIV-1 infection
#MMPMID28432326
Wang Y
; Whittall T
; Neil S
; Britton G
; Mistry M
; Rerks-Ngarm S
; Pitisuttithum P
; Kaewkungwal J
; Nitayaphan S
; Yu X
; Sato A
; O'Connell RJ
; Michael NL
; Robb ML
; Kim JH
; Lehner T
Sci Rep
2017[Apr]; 7
(1
): 1057
PMID28432326
show ga
HIV infection affects 37 million people and about 1.7 million are infected
annually. Among the phase III clinical trials only the RV144 vaccine trial
elicited significant protection against HIV-1 acquisition, but the efficacy and
immune memory were inadequate. To boost these vaccine functions we studied T stem
cell memory (TSCM) and innate immunity. TSCM cells were identified by phenotypic
markers of CD4(+) T cells and they were further characterised into 4 subsets.
These expressed the common IL-2/IL-15 receptors and another subset of APOBEC3G
anti-viral restriction factors, both of which were upregulated. In contrast,
CD4(+) TSCM cells expressing CCR5 co-receptors and ?4?7 mucosal homing integrins
were decreased. A parallel increase in CD4(+) T cells was recorded with IL-15
receptors, APOBEC3G and CC chemokines, the latter downmodulating CCR5 molecules.
We suggest a novel mechanism of dual memory stem cells; the established
sequential memory pathway, TSCM ?Central ?Effector memory CD4(+) T cells and the
innate pathway consisting of the 4 subsets of TSCM. Both pathways are likely to
be activated by endogenous HSP70. The TSCM memory stem cell and innate immunity
pathways have to be optimised to boost the efficacy and immune memory of
protection against HIV-1 in the clinical trial.