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10.15252/embj.201696151 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.15252/embj.201696151 C5430235!5430235!28420743     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       EMBO+J 2017 ; 36 (10): 1302-15 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28420743|t=2017. Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine |pdf=|usr=}}{{28420743}} gab.com Text Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine JO: EMBO J http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28420743 #FOAvip Biochemistry textbooks and cell culture experiments seem to be telling us two different things about the significance of external glutamine supply for mammalian cell growth and proliferation. Despite the fact that glutamine is a nonessential amino acid that can be synthesized by cells from glucose?derived carbons and amino acid?derived ammonia, most mammalian cells in tissue culture cannot proliferate or even survive in an environment that does not contain millimolar levels of glutamine. Not only are the levels of glutamine in standard tissue culture media at least ten?fold higher than other amino acids, but glutamine is also the most abundant amino acid in the human bloodstream, where it is assiduously maintained at approximately 0.5 mM through a combination of dietary uptake, de novo synthesis, and muscle protein catabolism. The complex metabolic logic of the proliferating cancer cells' appetite for glutamine?which goes far beyond satisfying their protein synthesis requirements?has only recently come into focus. In this review, we examine the diversity of biosynthetic and regulatory uses of glutamine and their role in proliferation, stress resistance, and cellular identity, as well as discuss the mechanisms that cells utilize in order to adapt to glutamine limitation. Twit Text FOAVip Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine ????EMBO J http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28420743 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28420743 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28420743}}</ref> Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine #MMPMID28420743 Zhang J; Pavlova NN; Thompson CB EMBO J 2017[May]; 36 (10): 1302-15 PMID28420743show ga Biochemistry textbooks and cell culture experiments seem to be telling us two different things about the significance of external glutamine supply for mammalian cell growth and proliferation. Despite the fact that glutamine is a nonessential amino acid that can be synthesized by cells from glucose?derived carbons and amino acid?derived ammonia, most mammalian cells in tissue culture cannot proliferate or even survive in an environment that does not contain millimolar levels of glutamine. Not only are the levels of glutamine in standard tissue culture media at least ten?fold higher than other amino acids, but glutamine is also the most abundant amino acid in the human bloodstream, where it is assiduously maintained at approximately 0.5 mM through a combination of dietary uptake, de novo synthesis, and muscle protein catabolism. The complex metabolic logic of the proliferating cancer cells' appetite for glutamine?which goes far beyond satisfying their protein synthesis requirements?has only recently come into focus. In this review, we examine the diversity of biosynthetic and regulatory uses of glutamine and their role in proliferation, stress resistance, and cellular identity, as well as discuss the mechanisms that cells utilize in order to adapt to glutamine limitation. äCancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino a(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing