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2017 ; 96
(19
): e6872
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of intravenous glucocorticoids for acute
pain following total hip arthroplasty
#MMPMID28489787
Li X
; Sun Z
; Han C
; He L
; Wang B
Medicine (Baltimore)
2017[May]; 96
(19
): e6872
PMID28489787
show ga
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids are increasingly used perioperatively, principally to
prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and acute postoperative pain
following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The authors hypothesized that
preoperative intravenous glucocorticoids is associated with less pain scores and
PONV without increasing the complications after THA. METHODS: Four databases
(PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of
Science) were searched with the limitations of randomized controlled trials
(RCTs). The search cutoff date was set at November 6, 2016. Participants were
patients who were prepared for primary THA. Intervention was preoperative
intravenous glucocorticoids for postoperative pain control. Outcomes including
the visual analog scale (VAS) scores at the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and
at 24 and 48 hours post operation, the occurrence of PONV and total morphine
consumption were recorded. We calculated risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence
interval (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, and the weighted mean difference (WMD)
with a 95% CI for continuous outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 6 studies were
evaluated, which included 297 patients who underwent hip surgery with intravenous
glucocorticoid treatment and control patients who underwent hip surgery without
glucocorticoid treatment. Pooled results indicated that intravenous
glucocorticoid treatment was associated with a reduction of VAS scores at the
PACU (WMD?=?-9.06, 95% CI -12.67 to -5.45, P?=?.000) and total morphine
consumption by 15.68?mg (WMD?=?-15.68, 95% CI -24.60 to -6.75, P?=?.001). No
significant difference was observed in the VAS scores at 24 and 48 hours between
the intravenous glucocorticoid and placebo treatments. Intravenous steroids can
decrease the occurrence of PONV (RR?=?0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.82, P?=?.029).
CONCLUSION: Intravenous glucocorticoid treatment can decrease early pain
intensity and PONV after THA. However, the evidence for the use of
glucocorticoids is limited by the low number of studies and variation in dosing
regimens. Thus, additional high-quality RCTs are needed to identify the optimal
drug protocol and determine the safety of intravenous glucocorticoids.