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2017 ; 7
(1
): 182
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Inhibition of the mechano-enzymatic amyloidogenesis of transthyretin: role of
ligand affinity, binding cooperativity and occupancy of the inner channel
#MMPMID28298647
Verona G
; Mangione PP
; Raimondi S
; Giorgetti S
; Faravelli G
; Porcari R
; Corazza A
; Gillmore JD
; Hawkins PN
; Pepys MB
; Taylor GW
; Bellotti V
Sci Rep
2017[Mar]; 7
(1
): 182
PMID28298647
show ga
Dissociation of the native transthyretin (TTR) tetramer is widely accepted as the
critical step in TTR amyloid fibrillogenesis. It is modelled by exposure of the
protein to non-physiological low pH in vitro and is inhibited by small molecule
compounds, such as the drug tafamidis. We have recently identified a new
mechano-enzymatic pathway of TTR fibrillogenesis in vitro, catalysed by selective
proteolytic cleavage, which produces a high yield of genuine amyloid fibrils.
This pathway is efficiently inhibited only by ligands that occupy both binding
sites in TTR. Tolcapone, which is bound with similar high affinity in both TTR
binding sites without the usual negative cooperativity, is therefore of interest.
Here we show that TTR fibrillogenesis by the mechano-enzymatic pathway is indeed
more potently inhibited by tolcapone than by tafamidis but neither, even in large
molar excess, completely prevents amyloid fibril formation. In contrast, mds84,
the prototype of our previously reported bivalent ligand TTR 'superstabiliser'
family, is notably more potent than the monovalent ligands and we show here that
this apparently reflects the critical additional interactions of its linker
within the TTR central channel. Our findings have major implications for
therapeutic approaches in TTR amyloidosis.