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2017 ; 114
(18
): 4781-4786
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English Wikipedia
Lysibodies are IgG Fc fusions with lysin binding domains targeting Staphylococcus
aureus wall carbohydrates for effective phagocytosis
#MMPMID28428342
Raz A
; Serrano A
; Lawson C
; Thaker M
; Alston T
; Bournazos S
; Ravetch JV
; Fischetti VA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2017[May]; 114
(18
): 4781-4786
PMID28428342
show ga
The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria contains abundant surface-exposed
carbohydrate molecules that are highly conserved within and often across species.
The potential therapeutic usefulness of high-affinity antibodies to cell wall
carbohydrates is unquestioned, however obtaining such antibodies is challenging
due to the poor overall immunogenicity of these bacterial targets. Autolysins and
phage lysins are peptidoglycan hydrolases, enzymes that have evolved over a
billion years to degrade bacterial cell wall. Such wall hydrolases are modular
enzymes, composed of discrete domains for high-affinity binding to cell wall
carbohydrates and cleavage activity. In this study, we demonstrate that binding
domains from autolysins and lysins can be fused to the Fc region of human IgG,
creating a fully functional homodimer (or "lysibody") with high-affinity binding
and specificity for carbohydrate determinants on the bacterial surface.
Furthermore, we demonstrate that this process is reproducible with three
different binding domains specific to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Cell-bound lysibodies induced the fixation of complement on the bacterial
surface, promoted phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils, and protected mice
from MRSA infection in two model systems. The lysibody approach could be used to
target a range of difficult-to-treat pathogenic bacteria, given that cell wall
hydrolases are ubiquitous in nature.
|Cell Wall/*metabolism
[MESH]
|HL-60 Cells
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/genetics/*pharmacology
[MESH]